Amafaranga ya Leta Ari mu kaga: Raporo ya TI-Rwanda Yerekana Ibibazo Bikomeje

Isesengura ry’Raporo z’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari: TI-Rwanda Yerekana Ibibazo Bikomeje mu Micungire y’Imari ya Leta n’Iterambere mu Isuzuma ry’Inama z’Ubukurikiranabikorwa.

Kigali – Ku wa Kane, tariki ya 2 Mata 2026: Transparency International Rwanda (TI-Rwanda) yatangije uyu munsi Isesengura ry’Raporo z’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ku bigo bya Leta bikorera mu turere n’Umujyi wa Kigali ku mwaka w’ingengo y’imari warangiye tariki ya 30 Kamena 2024, rigaragaza ibibazo bikomeje kandi byiyongera mu micungire y’imari ya Leta (PFM), cyane cyane mu byerekeye gutumiza ibicuruzwa n’ibikorwa, imicungire y’umutungo, n’ukurikiza amategeko n’amabwiriza.

Isesengura, rishingiye ku raporo z’ubugenzuzi bwaturutse mu turere 27 twose ndetse n’Umujyi wa Kigali, ryerekana ko ibibazo bitajyanye no gukoresha amafaranga byazamutse ku kigero cya 38%, byiyongera kuva kuri FRW 1,132.027 miliyari mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2022/23 bikagera kuri FRW 1,343.853 miliyari mu mwaka wa 2023/24.

Mu gihe kimwe, ibibazo mu micungire y’umutungo byazamutse ku kigero cya 95%, mu gihe ibibazo bijyanye no gukoresha amafaranga byazamutse ku kigero cya 250%, bigaragaza kudakoresha neza umutungo wa rubanda.

Ikindi kibazo gikomeye cyagaragajwe ni ukwiyongera gukabije kw’amafaranga atemewe (unsupported expenditures), byiyongera ku kigero cya 355%, bigera kuri FRW 13.354 miliyari. Aya mafaranga yonyine agize 93% by’ibibazo byose bijyanye no gukoresha amafaranga, bigaragaza icyuho gikomeye mu kugaragaza no kubika inyandiko z’imari.

Ibindi byagaragajwe mu isesengura:

Kutubahiriza amategeko n’amabwiriza ni cyo kintu kinini gitera ibibazo mu micungire y’imari ya Leta, bigize 63.2% by’ibibazo byose, bingana na FRW 1,313.833 miliyari;
Ibibazo mu itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa n’ibikorwa bya Leta bigize 40% by’ibibazo byose bya PFM, bikaba ikibazo gikomeye cyane mu nzego zose;

Imicungire idakwiye y’umutungo, harimo umutungo utari gukoreshwa neza n’ibikorwa byo kuwutaho bidahagije, biguma kuzuza ibibazo mu gukoresha neza umutungo;
Kudakurikiza amategeko mu itangwa ry’ibikorwa, kwimura ubutaka, n’imanza z’amategeko bigira uruhare runini mu gihombo cy’amafaranga;

Gutinda gutanga amafaranga y’ubufasha bw’imibereho myiza, harimo FRW 10.322 miliyari ya Nutrition Sensitive Direct Support (NSDS) n’andi mafaranga, bigira ingaruka ku babikeneye. Hari aho gutinda kwageze ku minsi 161.

Isesengura kandi ryerekana ko imishinga mu nzego nk’imihanda, amazi n’isuku, n’ibikorwaremezo by’ubuzima ari yo igaragaza ibibazo byinshi bya PFM, cyane bitewe n’ikibazo cyo gucunga amasezerano, igenamigambi, n’ubugenzuzi.

Ariko hari intambwe nziza:

Ku nshuro ya mbere kuva hasuzumwa imicungire y’imari mu turere, uturere 19 twageze ku rugero rwa 70% cyangwa hejuru mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’inama z’ubugenzuzi;

Ku gipimo cy’uruhande rumwe, urugero rwo gushyira mu bikorwa inama zishoboka rwazamutse rukagera kuri 71%, ugereranyije na 57.16% mu mwaka ushize, bigaragaza ko gukurikirana no kubazwa inshingano bishobora gutanga umusaruro.

TI-Rwanda Executive Director, Apollinaire Mupiganyi, yavuze ko ari ngombwa guhindura ibyo ubugenzuzi buvuga mu bikorwa:

“Intambwe nziza yaragezweho mu myaka ishize. Ariko ibibazo byagaragajwe uyu munsi si ibishya. Ni ibibazo bihoraho, kandi gukomeza kubibona bigaragaza ko hakenewe ibisubizo bikomeye, bihuriweho kandi byubahiriza inshingano.”

Yongeyeho ko imicungire myiza y’imari ya Leta ari nko gukorera neza ubuyobozi:

“Gukomeza imicungire y’imari ya Leta si ibintu bya tekinike gusa—ni inshingano y’ubuyobozi. Ni ugukora neza kugira ngo buri franc ikoreshwa mu nyungu z’abaturage.”

Ibibazo bihuriweho (Cross-Cutting Issues)

Ibibazo bihoraho mu itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa n’amasezerano, harimo gutinda, igenamigambi ridahagije, n’imishinga idakurikije amategeko;

Umutungo utari gukoreshwa cyangwa amafaranga atari gukoreshwa neza, biturutse ku igenamigambi ridahagije, kutagira uburyo bwo kwita ku mutungo, no kudahuza inshingano mu bigo;

Gutinda gutanga amafaranga, cyane mu mishinga y’uburezi n’ubufasha bw’imibereho;
Kutubahiriza amategeko n’amabwiriza bigikomeje, bigatuma habaho kudakurikiza discipline mu micungire y’imari.

Inama Nyamukuru (Key Recommendations)
TI-Rwanda irasaba:

Gukomeza gukurikirana no gushyira mu bikorwa inama z’ubugenzuzi kugira ngo intambwe yagezweho ikomeze;

Gukora neza itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa, hubahirizwa amategeko n’amabwiriza;
Kunonosora igenamigambi, gusuzuma ubushobozi bw’imishinga, no guhuza ibikorwa by’ishoramari rya Leta;

Gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga umutungo, harimo n’uburyo bwo gukoresha umutungo utari gukoreshwa;

Gutanga amafaranga ku gihe mu mishinga y’ubufasha n’ibikorwa by’ingenzi bya Leta;
Kongera ubufatanye bw’inzego no gusobanura inshingano z’ababifite.

Icyerecyezo ku Isesengura

Kuva mu 2008, TI-Rwanda ikora isesengura ryigenga ku raporo z’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari kugira ngo ifashe mu kumenya neza imicungire y’imari ya Leta, gushyigikira igenamigambi rishingiye ku bimenyetso, no guteza imbere accountability.

Intego y’iri sesengura ni ukumenyesha abafatanyabikorwa, guteza ibiganiro by’ubuyobozi, no gutera inkunga ibikorwa bihuriweho byo gucunga neza umutungo wa Leta mu Rwanda.